monitoring: llama-swap GPU/LLM stack (v250) — PrometheusRule, Grafana dashboard, scrape config, VRAM exporter

This commit is contained in:
Hermes Agent service account
2026-08-18 22:22:53 -05:00
parent 03b3ce9dee
commit 7867be688a
17 changed files with 2951 additions and 27 deletions

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# ==============================================================================
# FILE: roles/llm-inference-multimodel/templates/llama-swap-alerts.yml.j2
# DESCRIPTION: PrometheusRule CustomResource for llama-swap alert rules.
# Defines CRITICAL, WARNING, and INFO alerts per the Ciro Luciotta
# monitoring pattern (references/monitoring-llm-homelab-ciro-luciotta-2026.md).
#
# Deployed by ArgoCD as a K8s resource in the monitoring namespace.
# Prometheus loads these rules automatically on sync.
#
# SCOPE: Alerts fire when:
# - VRAM exceeds physical limit (24GB) — pending OOM-kill
# - KV-cache spills to CPU (>92% utilization) — requests may drop
# - Throughput degrades below baseline — model may be throttled
#
# AUTHOR: Wong (Infrastructure Automation Specialist)
# DATE: 2026-08-18
# ==============================================================================
apiVersion: monitoring.coreos.com/v1
kind: PrometheusRule
metadata:
name: llama-swap-alerts
namespace: monitoring
labels:
prometheus: kube-prometheus
spec:
groups:
- name: llama-swap.rules
interval: 30s
rules:
# ====================================================================
# CRITICAL: GPU VRAM saturation (OOM risk)
# ====================================================================
- alert: LlamaSwapVramSaturation
expr: llamacpp_vram_used_mib > {{ llm_swapmode_vram_max_mib | int }}
for: 1m
labels:
severity: critical
component: llm-inference
annotations:
summary: "GPU VRAM saturation on {{ $labels.instance }}"
description: |
GPU VRAM usage is {{ $value | humanize }}MiB (critical threshold: {{ llm_swapmode_vram_max_mib }}MiB).
The system is at risk of out-of-memory (OOM) kernel-kill events.
Immediate action required:
1. Check Prometheus dashboard for request queue depth and active models
2. Identify which model(s) are consuming VRAM
3. If queue depth is high, consider rate-limiting or routing requests
4. If a single request caused the spike, investigate context-window size
Instance: {{ $labels.instance }}
Time: {{ $value | humanizeDuration }}
# ====================================================================
# WARNING: KV-cache spill risk (context cache pressure)
# ====================================================================
- alert: LlamaSwapKvCacheSpill
expr: llamacpp_kv_cache_usage_ratio > 0.92
for: 2m
labels:
severity: warning
component: llm-inference
annotations:
summary: "KV-cache spill risk on model {{ $labels.model }}"
description: |
KV-cache utilization on {{ $labels.model }} is {{ $value | humanizePercentage }}
(warning threshold: 92%).
The model's context cache is nearly full. Requests with large context windows
may not fit and could be dropped from the queue. Consider:
1. Reviewing incoming request context-window distribution
2. Reducing n_ctx for non-critical models (if router mode is active)
3. Routing long-context requests to a different model with more capacity
4. Investigating whether concurrent requests are competing for KV space
Model: {{ $labels.model }}
Instance: {{ $labels.instance }}
# ====================================================================
# WARNING: Throughput degradation (possible throttling)
# ====================================================================
- alert: LlamaSwapThroughputDegradation
expr: |
(rate(llamacpp_tokens_predicted_total[5m]) * 60) < 40
for: 5m
labels:
severity: warning
component: llm-inference
annotations:
summary: "Token generation throughput low on {{ $labels.model }}"
description: |
Token generation rate is {{ $value | humanize }}tokens/min on {{ $labels.model }}
(baseline threshold: ~50+ tokens/min).
This may indicate:
1. Thermal throttling (GPU temperature limiting frequency)
2. Memory pressure (even if VRAM not full, latency can increase)
3. CPU contention (if models are CPU-offloaded)
4. Incoming request rate exceeds model capacity (check queue depth)
Recommended actions:
- Check nvidia-smi output for GPU temperature and throttle flags
- Compare queue depth to baseline (alert if >5 sustained)
- Check CPU usage and interrupt frequency (vmstat 1 1)
- Review log tail for errors or warnings from llama-swap
Model: {{ $labels.model }}
Instance: {{ $labels.instance }}
# ====================================================================
# INFO: Scrape failures (monitoring health)
# ====================================================================
- alert: LlamaSwapScrapeFailed
expr: up{job="llama-swap"} == 0
for: 2m
labels:
severity: warning
component: monitoring
annotations:
summary: "llama-swap Prometheus scrape failed"
description: |
Prometheus cannot scrape llama-swap's /metrics endpoint at
http://{{ $labels.instance }}/metrics (HTTP {{ $value }} or timeout).
The monitoring pipeline is degraded. Check:
1. llama-swap service status: systemctl status llama-swap
2. Network reachability: curl http://{{ $labels.instance }}/metrics
3. Prometheus scrape logs in Prometheus UI (Alerts -> llama-swap)
Instance: {{ $labels.instance }}

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{#
FILE: roles/llm-inference-multimodel/templates/llama-swap-config.yaml.j2
DESCRIPTION: llama-swap v250 configuration template.
Generates /etc/llama-swap/config.yaml with all models, routing matrix,
and per-model settings (ctx_size, n_gpu_layers, cmd args).
v250 SYNTAX NOTES:
- Uses routing.router DSL with expression-based matrix (not old list-of-arrays)
- Each model has its own cmd field with full per-model args
- Matrix rows use "model1 & model2" syntax for co-resident sets
- sleep_idle_seconds: -1 = never idle; 0+ = idle after N seconds
- load_on_startup: true = start this model on service startup
Reference: /etc/llama-swap/config.yaml on astro-orbiter (Phase 1 artifact)
#}
# llama-swap configuration for astro-orbiter
# Generated by Ansible roles/llm-inference-multimodel on {{ ansible_date_time.iso8601 }}
# See: https://github.com/mostlygeek/llama-swap (v250 release notes for syntax)
# ============================================================================
# LISTEN — Address and port for the llama-swap proxy
# ============================================================================
listen: "{{ llm_swapmode_bind_address }}:{{ llm_swapmode_port }}"
# ============================================================================
# MODELS — All model definitions (cmd, port, ctx_size, etc.)
# ============================================================================
models:
{% for model in llm_swapmode_models %}
{{ model.id }}:
cmd: >
llama-server
--port ${PORT}
--model {{ model.gguf_path }}
--n-gpu-layers {{ model.n_gpu_layers }}
--ctx-size {{ model.ctx_size }}
--batch-size {{ model.batch_size }}
--ubatch-size {{ model.ubatch_size }}
--parallel {{ model.parallel }}
{% if model.cache_type is defined %}--cache-type-k {{ model.cache_type }} --cache-type-v {{ model.cache_type }}{% endif %}
{% if model.flash_attn is defined %}--flash-attn {{ model.flash_attn }}{% endif %}
{% if model.sleep_idle_seconds is defined %}--sleep-idle-seconds {{ model.sleep_idle_seconds }}{% endif %}
{% if model.load_on_startup is defined and model.load_on_startup %}--load-on-startup{% endif %}
--host 127.0.0.1
port: {{ model.port }}
{% endfor %}
# ============================================================================
# ROUTING — Matrix-based hot-swap policy (v250 expression DSL)
# ============================================================================
routing:
router:
use: matrix
settings:
matrix:
sets:
{% for row in llm_swapmode_matrix_rows %}
{{ row.row }}: "{{ row.expr }}"
{% endfor %}

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{
"annotations": {
"list": [
{
"builtIn": 1,
"datasource": "-- Grafana --",
"enable": true,
"hide": true,
"iconColor": "rgba(0, 211, 255, 1)",
"name": "Annotations & Alerts",
"type": "dashboard"
}
]
},
"editable": true,
"gnetId": null,
"graphTooltip": 0,
"id": null,
"links": [],
"panels": [
{
"datasource": "Prometheus",
"fieldConfig": {
"defaults": {
"color": {
"mode": "palette-classic"
},
"custom": {
"axisLabel": "MiB",
"axisPlacement": "auto",
"barAlignment": 0,
"drawStyle": "line",
"fillOpacity": 10,
"gradientMode": "none",
"hideFrom": {
"tooltip": false,
"viz": false,
"legend": false
},
"lineInterpolation": "linear",
"lineWidth": 1,
"pointSize": 5,
"scaleDistribution": {
"type": "linear"
},
"showPoints": "auto",
"spanNulls": false,
"stacking": {
"group": "A",
"mode": "none"
},
"thresholdsStyle": {
"mode": "off"
}
},
"mappings": [],
"max": 24576,
"min": 0,
"thresholds": {
"mode": "absolute",
"steps": [
{
"color": "green",
"value": null
},
{
"color": "yellow",
"value": 23000
},
{
"color": "red",
"value": 24000
}
]
},
"unit": "short"
},
"overrides": []
},
"gridPos": {
"h": 8,
"w": 12,
"x": 0,
"y": 0
},
"id": 1,
"options": {
"legend": {
"calcs": [
"last",
"max"
],
"displayMode": "table",
"placement": "right"
},
"tooltip": {
"mode": "single"
}
},
"pluginVersion": "8.0.0",
"targets": [
{
"expr": "llamacpp_vram_used_mib{job=\"node\"}",
"interval": "",
"legendFormat": "VRAM Used",
"refId": "A"
}
],
"title": "GPU VRAM Usage",
"type": "timeseries"
},
{
"datasource": "Prometheus",
"fieldConfig": {
"defaults": {
"color": {
"mode": "thresholds"
},
"mappings": [],
"max": 1,
"min": 0,
"thresholds": {
"mode": "absolute",
"steps": [
{
"color": "green",
"value": null
},
{
"color": "yellow",
"value": 0.8
},
{
"color": "orange",
"value": 0.92
},
{
"color": "red",
"value": 0.95
}
]
},
"unit": "percentunit"
},
"overrides": []
},
"gridPos": {
"h": 8,
"w": 12,
"x": 12,
"y": 0
},
"id": 2,
"options": {
"orientation": "auto",
"reduceOptions": {
"values": false,
"fields": "",
"calcs": [
"lastNotNull"
]
},
"showThresholdLabels": false,
"showThresholdMarkers": true
},
"pluginVersion": "8.0.0",
"targets": [
{
"expr": "llamacpp_kv_cache_usage_ratio",
"interval": "",
"legendFormat": "{{ model }}",
"refId": "A"
}
],
"title": "KV-Cache Utilization (Gauge)",
"type": "gauge"
},
{
"datasource": "Prometheus",
"fieldConfig": {
"defaults": {
"color": {
"mode": "palette-classic"
},
"custom": {
"axisLabel": "ms/token",
"axisPlacement": "auto",
"barAlignment": 0,
"drawStyle": "line",
"fillOpacity": 0,
"gradientMode": "none",
"hideFrom": {
"tooltip": false,
"viz": false,
"legend": false
},
"lineInterpolation": "linear",
"lineWidth": 1,
"pointSize": 5,
"scaleDistribution": {
"type": "linear"
},
"showPoints": "never",
"spanNulls": true,
"stacking": {
"group": "A",
"mode": "none"
},
"thresholdsStyle": {
"mode": "off"
}
},
"mappings": [],
"thresholds": {
"mode": "absolute",
"steps": [
{
"color": "green",
"value": null
}
]
},
"unit": "ms"
},
"overrides": []
},
"gridPos": {
"h": 8,
"w": 12,
"x": 0,
"y": 8
},
"id": 3,
"options": {
"legend": {
"calcs": [
"mean",
"max"
],
"displayMode": "table",
"placement": "right"
},
"tooltip": {
"mode": "single"
}
},
"pluginVersion": "8.0.0",
"targets": [
{
"expr": "rate(llamacpp_time_predict_ms_sum[5m]) / rate(llamacpp_time_predict_ms_count[5m])",
"interval": "",
"legendFormat": "{{ model }}",
"refId": "A"
}
],
"title": "Prediction Latency by Model",
"type": "timeseries"
},
{
"datasource": "Prometheus",
"fieldConfig": {
"defaults": {
"color": {
"mode": "palette-classic"
},
"custom": {
"axisLabel": "Queue Size",
"axisPlacement": "auto",
"barAlignment": 0,
"drawStyle": "line",
"fillOpacity": 0,
"gradientMode": "none",
"hideFrom": {
"tooltip": false,
"viz": false,
"legend": false
},
"lineInterpolation": "linear",
"lineWidth": 1,
"pointSize": 5,
"scaleDistribution": {
"type": "linear"
},
"showPoints": "never",
"spanNulls": true,
"stacking": {
"group": "A",
"mode": "none"
},
"thresholdsStyle": {
"mode": "off"
}
},
"mappings": [],
"thresholds": {
"mode": "absolute",
"steps": [
{
"color": "green",
"value": null
},
{
"color": "yellow",
"value": 3
},
{
"color": "red",
"value": 5
}
]
},
"unit": "short"
},
"overrides": []
},
"gridPos": {
"h": 8,
"w": 12,
"x": 12,
"y": 8
},
"id": 4,
"options": {
"legend": {
"calcs": [
"mean",
"max"
],
"displayMode": "table",
"placement": "right"
},
"tooltip": {
"mode": "single"
}
},
"pluginVersion": "8.0.0",
"targets": [
{
"expr": "llamacpp_queue_size",
"interval": "",
"legendFormat": "{{ model }}",
"refId": "A"
}
],
"title": "Request Queue Depth",
"type": "timeseries"
},
{
"datasource": "Prometheus",
"fieldConfig": {
"defaults": {
"color": {
"mode": "palette-classic"
},
"custom": {
"axisLabel": "tokens/min",
"axisPlacement": "auto",
"barAlignment": 0,
"drawStyle": "line",
"fillOpacity": 0,
"gradientMode": "none",
"hideFrom": {
"tooltip": false,
"viz": false,
"legend": false
},
"lineInterpolation": "linear",
"lineWidth": 1,
"pointSize": 5,
"scaleDistribution": {
"type": "linear"
},
"showPoints": "never",
"spanNulls": true,
"stacking": {
"group": "A",
"mode": "none"
},
"thresholdsStyle": {
"mode": "off"
}
},
"mappings": [],
"thresholds": {
"mode": "absolute",
"steps": [
{
"color": "green",
"value": null
}
]
},
"unit": "short"
},
"overrides": []
},
"gridPos": {
"h": 8,
"w": 12,
"x": 0,
"y": 16
},
"id": 5,
"options": {
"legend": {
"calcs": [
"mean"
],
"displayMode": "table",
"placement": "right"
},
"tooltip": {
"mode": "single"
}
},
"pluginVersion": "8.0.0",
"targets": [
{
"expr": "rate(llamacpp_tokens_predicted_total[1m]) * 60",
"interval": "",
"legendFormat": "{{ model }} (tokens/min)",
"refId": "A"
}
],
"title": "Token Generation Throughput",
"type": "timeseries"
},
{
"datasource": "Prometheus",
"fieldConfig": {
"defaults": {
"color": {
"mode": "palette-classic"
},
"custom": {
"axisLabel": "Tokens",
"axisPlacement": "auto",
"barAlignment": 0,
"drawStyle": "bars",
"fillOpacity": 100,
"gradientMode": "none",
"hideFrom": {
"tooltip": false,
"viz": false,
"legend": false
},
"lineInterpolation": "linear",
"lineWidth": 1,
"pointSize": 5,
"scaleDistribution": {
"type": "linear"
},
"showPoints": "never",
"spanNulls": true,
"stacking": {
"group": "A",
"mode": "normal"
},
"thresholdsStyle": {
"mode": "off"
}
},
"mappings": [],
"thresholds": {
"mode": "absolute",
"steps": [
{
"color": "green",
"value": null
}
]
},
"unit": "short"
},
"overrides": []
},
"gridPos": {
"h": 8,
"w": 12,
"x": 12,
"y": 16
},
"id": 6,
"options": {
"legend": {
"calcs": [],
"displayMode": "list",
"placement": "bottom"
},
"tooltip": {
"mode": "single"
}
},
"pluginVersion": "8.0.0",
"targets": [
{
"expr": "histogram_quantile(0.95, rate(llamacpp_time_predict_ms_bucket[5m]))",
"interval": "",
"legendFormat": "p95 latency",
"refId": "A"
},
{
"expr": "histogram_quantile(0.99, rate(llamacpp_time_predict_ms_bucket[5m]))",
"interval": "",
"legendFormat": "p99 latency",
"refId": "B"
}
],
"title": "Latency Percentiles (p95, p99)",
"type": "timeseries"
}
],
"refresh": "30s",
"schemaVersion": 27,
"style": "dark",
"tags": [
"llm",
"llama-swap",
"gpu-monitoring",
"ciro-luciotta"
],
"templating": {
"list": []
},
"time": {
"from": "now-24h",
"to": "now"
},
"timepicker": {},
"timezone": "",
"title": "llama-swap GPU/LLM Monitoring",
"uid": "llama-swap-monitor",
"version": 1
}

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# ==============================================================================
# FILE: roles/llm-inference-multimodel/templates/llama-swap-prometheus-scrape.yml.j2
# DESCRIPTION: Prometheus scrape job configuration for llama-swap's native
# /metrics endpoint (OpenMetrics format).
#
# This template is rendered and deployed to the Prometheus
# config via GitOps (cluster/applications/monitoring/values.yaml).
# Does NOT include this file inline here; it is referenced and
# rendered by Ansible roles/llm-inference-multimodel/tasks/*.yml.
#
# TARGET HOST: astro-orbiter ({{ llm_bind_address }}:{{ llm_swapmode_port }})
# METRICS: llamacpp_tokens_predicted_total, llamacpp_kv_cache_usage_ratio,
# llamacpp_time_predict_ms, llamacpp_queue_size, etc. (per llama.cpp)
#
# AUTHOR: Wong (Infrastructure Automation Specialist)
# DATE: 2026-08-18
# ==============================================================================
---
- job_name: llama-swap
static_configs:
- targets: ["{{ llm_bind_address }}:{{ llm_swapmode_port }}"]
labels:
component: llm-inference
service: llama-swap
environment: homelab
scrape_interval: 30s
scrape_timeout: 10s
honor_labels: true
metrics_path: /metrics
# Relabeling: extract model name from metric labels for dashboard grouping
metric_relabel_configs:
- source_labels: [__name__]
regex: 'llamacpp_.*'
action: keep

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{#
FILE: roles/llm-inference-multimodel/templates/llama-swap.service.j2
DESCRIPTION: llama-swap systemd unit template.
Single Go binary, no subprocess management — just a /usr/local/bin/llama-swap
process reading /etc/llama-swap/config.yaml.
Design:
- Type=simple (no forking)
- User={{ llm_swapmode_service_user }} (jarvis)
- Restart=on-failure, RestartSec=10
- Logs to journald (StandardOutput/StandardError=journal)
- After nvidia-persistenced.service (NVIDIA driver dependency)
Config location: /etc/llama-swap/config.yaml (rendered by swapmode_config phase)
Listen address: 127.0.0.1 inside the container (exposed by --listen flag)
#}
[Unit]
Description=llama-swap — hot-swap model proxy (port {{ llm_swapmode_port }})
Documentation=https://github.com/mostlygeek/llama-swap
After=network.target nvidia-persistenced.service
Wants=nvidia-persistenced.service
[Service]
Type=simple
User={{ llm_swapmode_service_user }}
Group={{ llm_swapmode_service_user }}
Environment="HOME=/home/{{ llm_swapmode_service_user }}"
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/llama-swap \
--config {{ llm_swapmode_config_file }} \
--listen {{ llm_swapmode_bind_address }}:{{ llm_swapmode_port }}
# LLAMA-SWAP NOTES (2026-08-18, t_c1e44190):
# - Single Go binary, zero runtime dependencies (llama.cpp statically linked).
# - Upstream servers (llama-server instances) are spawned on-demand per config.yaml model definitions.
# - --listen can override config.yaml's listen key; this flag takes precedence.
# Double-check consistency between ExecStart and config.yaml.
# - CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES can be set via Environment= if GPU isolation is needed.
# Default: inherit from parent (systemd likely has it unset, picks all GPUs).
# - No jinja flag needed: llama.cpp model templates are embedded in each model's GGUF.
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=10
TimeoutStartSec=600
StandardOutput=journal
StandardError=journal
SyslogIdentifier=llama-swap
# Resource limits (optional; adjust per VRAM budget)
# MemoryMax=24G # Enforce hard limit; uncomment if runaway is a concern
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target